3 Most common types of Fistula
Fistulas are an abnormal connection between two parts of the body, and they can occur naturally, as a result of injury or surgery. The growth of fistulas can lead to pockets of abscess, which can be uncomfortable and concerning. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the different types of fistulas, their causes, symptoms, and Fistula treatment options.
Types of Fistulas
There are various types of fistulas that can grow in the human body. Other types of fistulas include:
1. Anal Fistulas
• Anorectal Fistula: When a fistula forms between the anal canal and the skin around the anal opening.
• Rectovaginal or Anovaginal Fistula: When a hole develops between the rectum or anus and the vagina.
• Colovaginal Fistula: When a fistula occurs between the colon and vagina.
2. Intestinal Fistulas
• Enteroenteric Fistula: When a fistula forms between two parts of an intestine.
• Enterocutaneous Fistula: When a fistula occurs between the small intestine and the skin or the colon and the skin.
3. Urinary Tract Fistulas
• Urogenital Fistula: When a hole develops between the urinary bladder and the vagina.
• Vesicovaginal Fistula: When a fistula occurs between the urinary bladder and the uterus.
• Urethrovaginal Fistula: When a hole develops between the urethra and the vagina.
Causes of Fistula
The most common form of fistula, anal fistula, can occur naturally over time. Fistulas near the anus are likely to develop in those suffering from gastrointestinal diseases such as Chron’s disease, colitis, and irritable bowel diseases. Women may have fistula growth between the anus and the vagina after childbirth.
Symptoms of Fistula
The symptoms of a fistula depend on the part of the body that is affected. For anal fistulas, the symptoms are skin irritation and redness around the anus, growing pains around the anal region, fever associated with chills, painful bowel movement and rectal bleeding, foul smell from the anus, and fatigue.
Intestinal fistulas are associated with abdominal pain or pain in the area between the genitals and anus, recurrent urinary tract infections, severe gas or diarrhea, passage of stool or intestinal gas in the stomach, bladder or vagina, and weight loss.
Urinary tract fistulas can cause pain while passing urine, frequent urination, smelly and cloudy urine, muddy-colored urine, and passing wind or stools while urinating.
Also Read: FAQ About Fistula Treatment
Treatment Options for Fistula
There are various treatment options for fistulas, and the type and severity of the fistula will determine the treatment approach. Fistulotomy is a commonly used surgical procedure to treat fistulas. This procedure involves opening and draining the pockets. Fistulectomy is another surgical procedure to remove the abnormal growth or fistula.
Other treatment options for fistulas include medication, such as antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs, and lifestyle changes, such as dietary modifications and maintaining good hygiene practices.
When to See a Doctor
It is essential to seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms of a fistula. Delaying treatment may lead to complications, including infections and the development of complete fistulas. Consult with the Fistula Doctor in Kolkata, An Award winning surgeon.
About Docor
Dr. Azhar Alam
MBBS (Honours), MRCS A (UK),
DNB General Surgery
FIAGES (Gastro Intestinal Surgery)
FMAS (Minimal Access Surgery),
MNAMS (New Delhi)
Consultant Gastrointestinal, Advanced Laparoscopic and Laser Surgeon
Assistant Professor of Surgery, KPC Medical College and Hospital
